Il saggio ricostruisce la crisi gelsicola italiana intercorsa tra la
fine dell’800 e gli inizi del ’900. La malattia del gelso – causata da
una cocciniglia, la Diaspis pentagona – ebbe una rapida diffusione
soprattutto in molte province del Nord Italia, compromettendo
l’attività bachicola. Pur a fronte di una inadeguata legislazione
fitosanitaria, benché poi migliorata con la nuova legge del 1904,
l’Associazione agraria friulana condusse con determinazione la lotta
antidiaspica, suggerendo dapprima la distruzione dei focolai isolati di
gelsi infetti e poi la cura annuale delle piante con insetticidi
chimici. Tale metodo di contrasto, tuttavia, se riuscì nei primi anni a
contenere l’infezione, si dimostrò a lungo andare insufficiente.
Gelsicoltura, crisi produttiva, Diaspis pentagona, lotta
antidiaspica,
Associazione agraria friulana
The essay reconstructs the crisis of mulberry growing in Italy, which
occurred between the end of the XIX century and the beginning of the XX
century. The mulberry illness – caused by a cochineal known as Diaspis
pentagona – rapidly spreads, especially in numerous areas in Northern
Italy, resulting in sericulture practices being jeopardised.
Furthermore, phytosanitary measures were considered as highly
inadequate, however, said measures experienced a degree of improvement
with the new law of 1904. The Friuli Agricultural Association
energetically tackled the issue by suggesting the destruction of
isolated outbreaks of contaminated mulberries, and subsequently
boosting the amount of actions dedicated to the annual care of the
plants by means of chemical insecticides. This procedure limited the
advancement of the infection for a brief period of time, yet it turned
out to be ineffective in the long run.
Mulberry growing, production crisis, Diaspis pentagona, antidiaspic
fight, Friuli Agricultural Association
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